{"id":1277,"date":"2024-11-14T22:27:58","date_gmt":"2024-11-14T18:27:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pedaqoq.az\/?p=1277"},"modified":"2024-11-14T22:29:13","modified_gmt":"2024-11-14T18:29:13","slug":"qara-deliklerin-sirli-tekamulu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pedaqoq.az\/?p=1277","title":{"rendered":"QARA D\u018fL\u0130KL\u018fR\u0130N S\u0130RL\u0130 T\u018fKAM\u00dcL\u00dc"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Qara d\u0259likl\u0259r, ulduzlar\u0131n v\u0259 dig\u0259r kosmik cisiml\u0259rin madd\u0259l\u0259rinin m\u0259kan\u0131n v\u0259 zaman\u0131n h\u0259ddind\u0259n art\u0131q s\u0131x\u0131\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131 n\u00f6qt\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 topland\u0131\u011f\u0131, son d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259 m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b v\u0259 sirli obyektl\u0259rdir. Aliml\u0259rin v\u0259 c\u0259miyy\u0259tin mara\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0259k\u0259n bu varl\u0131qlar, i\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n bel\u0259 onlardan qa\u00e7mas\u0131na imkan verm\u0259y\u0259n, sonsuz cazib\u0259 q\u00fcvv\u0259sin\u0259 sahib bir b\u00f6lg\u0259 t\u0259\u015fkil edir. Qara d\u0259likl\u0259rin yaranmas\u0131, ulduzlar\u0131n \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn sonunda m\u0259rk\u0259zi hiss\u0259l\u0259rinin \u00e7\u00f6km\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u015f verir; bu, ulduzun b\u00fct\u00fcn madd\u0259sinin \u00e7ox y\u00fcks\u0259k s\u0131xl\u0131\u011fa v\u0259 temperaturda s\u0131x\u0131lmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olur. Bu proses, «Gravitasiya \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fc» adlan\u0131r v\u0259 ulduzun k\u00fctl\u0259sind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 olaraq, supernova partlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 v\u0259 ya birba\u015fa qara d\u0259lik yaranmas\u0131 il\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259n\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ein\u015fteynin \u00fcmumi nisbilik n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 qara d\u0259likl\u0259r, m\u00fct\u0259r\u0259qqi \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 \u0259traf\u0131nda \u0259yilm\u0259 v\u0259 zaman\u0131n t\u0259rs ke\u00e7m\u0259si kimi fenomenl\u0259r\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olan, \u00e7ox g\u00fccl\u00fc gravitasiyaya sahib olan cisiml\u0259r kimi t\u0259svir edilir. Qara d\u0259likl\u0259rin t\u0259rkibind\u0259 «singulyarl\u0131q» ad\u0131 veril\u0259n bir n\u00f6qt\u0259 m\u00f6vcuddur, burada madd\u0259nin s\u0131xl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonsuza q\u0259d\u0259r art\u0131r v\u0259 zamanla m\u0259kan\u0131n strukturu tamamil\u0259 pozulur. Bu obyektl\u0259r, «horizont» adlanan bir s\u0259rh\u0259d il\u0259 \u0259hat\u0259 olunub \u2013 bu s\u0259rh\u0259di ke\u00e7m\u0259k i\u015f\u0131q da daxil olmaqla, he\u00e7 bir \u015fey geri d\u00f6n\u0259 bilm\u0259z. Bu fenomenl\u0259r, h\u0259m klassik, h\u0259m d\u0259 kvant fizikas\u0131 \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 geni\u015f t\u0259dqiq edilir, \u00e7\u00fcnki onlar h\u0259m \u0259yilmi\u015f zaman, h\u0259m d\u0259 kvant m\u0259lumat\u0131 kimi bir \u00e7ox h\u0259l\u0259 anla\u015f\u0131lmayan suallar\u0131 g\u00fcnd\u0259m\u0259 g\u0259tirir. Qara d\u0259likl\u0259rin m\u00f6vcudlu\u011fu, h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 geni\u015f m\u00fczakir\u0259 olunan v\u0259 bir \u00e7ox yeni n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259 v\u0259 eksperimentl\u0259r\u0259 ilham ver\u0259n bir sah\u0259dir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Qara d\u0259likl\u0259rin \u00fc\u00e7 \u0259sas n\u00f6v\u00fc m\u00f6vcuddur: \u0130lkin Qara D\u0259likl\u0259r<\/strong>, Ulduz Qara D\u0259likl\u0259r<\/strong> v\u0259 Superk\u00fctl\u0259vi Qara D\u0259likl\u0259r<\/strong>. H\u0259r biri f\u0259rqli k\u00fctl\u0259 v\u0259 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc il\u0259 f\u0259rql\u0259nir, amma ham\u0131s\u0131 eyni fundamental x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259t\u0259 sahibdir \u2013 i\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n bel\u0259 onlardan qa\u00e7a bilm\u0259diyi, cazib\u0259 q\u00fcvv\u0259sinin son d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259 g\u00fccl\u00fc oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130lkin Qara D\u0259likl\u0259r<\/strong> (v\u0259 ya «Primitiv Qara D\u0259likl\u0259r») \u0259n ki\u00e7ik qara d\u0259likl\u0259rdir v\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259ri olaraq, Big Bang sonras\u0131 yaranm\u0131\u015f ola bil\u0259rl\u0259r. Bu qara d\u0259likl\u0259r, \u00e7ox ki\u00e7ik \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259r\u0259 \u2013 b\u0259z\u0259n bir atom q\u0259d\u0259r ki\u00e7ik olsalar da, olduqca b\u00f6y\u00fck k\u00fctl\u0259y\u0259 sahibdirl\u0259r. Bu n\u00f6v qara d\u0259likl\u0259rin k\u00fctl\u0259si, tipik olaraq bir ne\u00e7\u0259 da\u011f k\u00fctl\u0259sin\u0259 b\u0259rab\u0259rdir, lakin onlar\u0131n s\u0131xl\u0131\u011f\u0131 o q\u0259d\u0259r y\u00fcks\u0259kdir ki, onlar zaman v\u0259 m\u0259kan\u0131n strukturunu k\u0259skin \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 \u0259yir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ulduz Qara D\u0259likl\u0259r<\/strong> is\u0259 ulduzlar\u0131n \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn sonunda yaranan qara d\u0259likl\u0259rdir. Bu qara d\u0259likl\u0259r, ad\u0259t\u0259n, ulduzlar\u0131n n\u00fcv\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259ki qravitasiya \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fc n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 formala\u015f\u0131r. Onlar G\u00fcn\u0259\u015fin k\u00fctl\u0259sinin 5-20 qat\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r b\u00f6y\u00fck ola bilirl\u0259r. Bu n\u00f6v qara d\u0259likl\u0259r, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 ulduz \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259n v\u0259 \u00f6l\u00fcm prosesl\u0259rind\u0259n ke\u00e7\u0259n b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259, y\u0259ni ulduz populyasiyalar\u0131n\u0131n yo\u011fun oldu\u011fu qalaktikalarda geni\u015f yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Samanyolu qalaktikas\u0131nda bel\u0259 qara d\u0259likl\u0259rd\u0259n onlarla m\u00f6vcuddur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Superk\u00fctl\u0259li Qara D\u0259likl\u0259r<\/strong> \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck v\u0259 \u0259n g\u00fccl\u00fc qara d\u0259likl\u0259rdir. Bu qara d\u0259likl\u0259r, milyonlarla v\u0259 b\u0259z\u0259n milyardlarla G\u00fcn\u0259\u015fin k\u00fctl\u0259sin\u0259 b\u0259rab\u0259rdir v\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n qalaktikalar\u0131n m\u0259rk\u0259zl\u0259rind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015firl\u0259r. Superk\u00fctl\u0259vi qara d\u0259likl\u0259r, qalaktika m\u0259rk\u0259zl\u0259rind\u0259ki k\u00fctl\u0259vi cisiml\u0259ri idar\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k, h\u0259min qalaktikan\u0131n strukturunu formala\u015fd\u0131ran m\u00fch\u00fcm rollar oynay\u0131r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, Samanyolu qalaktikas\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259rk\u0259zind\u0259, Sagittarius A*<\/strong> adl\u0131 superk\u00fctl\u0259vi bir qara d\u0259lik m\u00f6vcuddur v\u0259 onun k\u00fctl\u0259si t\u0259xmin\u0259n 4 milyon G\u00fcn\u0259\u015fin k\u00fctl\u0259sin\u0259 b\u0259rab\u0259rdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Qeyd ed\u0259k ki, bu qara d\u0259lik n\u00f6vl\u0259rinin h\u0259r biri, kosmosun dinamikas\u0131 v\u0259 t\u0259kam\u00fcl\u00fc haqq\u0131nda \u00e7ox m\u00fch\u00fcm m\u0259lumatlar t\u0259qdim edir, h\u0259m\u00e7inin onlar\u0131n i\u00e7ind\u0259 ba\u015f ver\u0259n fenomenl\u0259r \u2013 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, materiyan\u0131n qara d\u0259likl\u0259r\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u0259rk\u0259n radiasiya yaymas\u0131 v\u0259 ya «qara d\u0259likl\u0259r\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259» prosesl\u0259ri \u2013 kosmosun \u0259n q\u0259rib\u0259 v\u0259 h\u0259ll olunmam\u0131\u015f m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rini ara\u015fd\u0131rma\u011fa imkan verir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    M\u0259l\u0259k \u018fliyeva<\/strong><\/p>\n

    <\/a>\"image_print\"<\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Qara d\u0259likl\u0259r, ulduzlar\u0131n v\u0259 dig\u0259r kosmik cisiml\u0259rin madd\u0259l\u0259rinin m\u0259kan\u0131n v\u0259 zaman\u0131n h\u0259ddind\u0259n art\u0131q s\u0131x\u0131\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131 n\u00f6qt\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1278,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1277","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-in"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pedaqoq.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1277","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pedaqoq.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pedaqoq.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pedaqoq.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pedaqoq.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1277"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/pedaqoq.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1277\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1281,"href":"https:\/\/pedaqoq.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1277\/revisions\/1281"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pedaqoq.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1278"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pedaqoq.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1277"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pedaqoq.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1277"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pedaqoq.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1277"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}